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  • DAY3SVR: Nws Storm Prediction Center Norman Ok

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, May 03, 2025 19:21:56
    ACUS03 KWNS 031921
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 031920

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0220 PM CDT Sat May 03 2025

    Valid 051200Z - 061200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER PORTIONS OF
    WESTERN AND CENTRAL TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are possible from the southern High Plains into
    parts of central Texas Monday afternoon and evening. Large to very
    large hail and severe winds are the primary threats. Additional
    strong to severe storms are possible along the eastern Florida east
    coast and from northeast North Carolina to the Lake Erie vicinity.

    ...Southern High Plains into central Texas...

    The upper shortwave trough/low over the Southwest will pivot east to
    the southern Rockies/High Plains on Monday. Enhanced southwesterly
    deep-layer flow will overspread the region as this occurs. In the
    low-levels, lee troughing will strengthen along the High Plains with
    a small surface low forming over far west TX. Strengthening
    southeasterly low-level flow will transport Gulf moisture northwest,
    with upper 50s to mid 60s F dewpoints expected across the TX South
    Plains and Permian Basin/Trans-Pecos region. More modest moisture
    will extend northward into the TX/OK Panhandles and southeast CO to
    the north of a warm front draped across north-central TX.

    Strong heating along the dryline extending along the TX/NM border
    vicinity into the Big Bend is forecast. Cooling aloft will support
    steep midlevel lapse rates and moderate instability is expected.
    Supercell wind profiles, with curved low-level hodographs, becoming elongated/straight above 2-3 km suggest large to very large hail
    will be possible with initial convection. Additional storms are
    likely to develop in the low-level warm advection regime along the
    warm front, and as a low-level jet strengthens during the
    evening/overnight. This may support upscale development with time,
    and an MCS could form and track across central TX with an attendant
    risk for damaging gusts.

    More isolated storms are expected within the modestly unstable, but
    still strongly sheared environment with northward extent across the
    OK/TX Panhandles into southeast CO. Hail and gust winds may occur
    with this activity into Monday evening.

    ...North Carolina to Lake Erie...

    The upper cyclone over KY early Monday will lift northeast toward
    the upper Ohio Valley. Enhanced mid/upper flow will persist over the
    region while cooling aloft supports modestly steep midlevel lapse
    rates. At the surface, southeasterly low-level flow will support mid
    50s to low 60s F dewpoints. Diurnal heating may be limited by
    cloudiness and perhaps areas of morning showers. Nevertheless,
    modest destabilization to less than 1000 J/kg MLCAPE appears
    possible. Sufficient vertical shear will be present for some
    cellular organization, and isolated hail and perhaps locally gusty
    winds will be possible.

    ...Florida...

    Thunderstorms are expected to develop Monday afternoon in a
    moderately unstable airmass (supported by mid 60s dewpoints and cool temperatures aloft). Low to midlevel flow will remain weak on the
    southern periphery of the upper cyclone over the Ohio Valley.
    However, vertically veering profiles becoming northwesterly above
    500 mb will support around 25 kt effective shear, and
    elongated/straight hodographs. Isolated hail and gusty winds are
    possible.

    ..Leitman.. 05/03/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, May 04, 2025 07:34:27
    ACUS03 KWNS 040733
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 040733

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0233 AM CDT Sun May 04 2025

    Valid 061200Z - 071200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PARTS OF
    CENTRAL INTO EAST TEXAS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are possible across much of Central into East
    Texas and western/central Louisiana. All severe hazards would be
    possible.

    ...Synopsis...
    An ejecting shortwave trough will lift northeastward through Central
    into Northeast Texas on Tuesday. Continued moisture advection
    northward will bring upper 60s to low 70s dewpoints in
    South/Central/Southeast Texas and parts of the lower Mississippi
    Valley. Early period precipitation appears likely along a warm front
    within the Red River region southeastward into Louisiana. Additional
    early precipitation is possible within the Edwards Plateau into
    Central Texas, but uncertainty is greater in this scenario. A
    dryline is expected in central Texas during the afternoon.

    ...Central Texas into Sabine Valley...
    The expectation of early day precipitation complicates the overall
    forecast for the afternoon. Even so, a very moist and weakly capped
    airmass is forecast to be in place south of the warm front and east
    of the developing dryline. The ECMWF is more aggressive with the
    early development of a cluster of storms/MCS. In this scenario,
    convection would likely strengthen as surface heating occurs ahead
    of it. The GFS/NAM show greater potential for the dryline to be a
    focus for convection during the afternoon. Here, supercells capable
    of all hazards would be possible. There is potential for significant
    severe, with very large hail being the primary concern, but
    uncertainty in the convective evolution keeps confidence too low to
    highlight any particularly area.

    ...Red River into ArkLaTex...
    Storms along the warm front will likely be ongoing early in the day
    and continue to develop within the warm advection regime into the
    afternoon. Strong shear and moderate buoyancy would promote a risk
    for large hail and damaging winds. Numerous storms and their
    interactions will tend to temper the overall severe threat. Many of
    these storms will be at least slightly elevated north of the
    boundary. Tornadoes could also occur with surface-based storms
    within the warm front zone.

    ..Wendt.. 05/04/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, May 04, 2025 19:22:04
    ACUS03 KWNS 041920
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 041919

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0219 PM CDT Sun May 04 2025

    Valid 061200Z - 071200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS CENTRAL
    INTO EAST TEXAS AND FAR SOUTHWEST LOUISIANA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are possible across much of Central into East
    Texas and western/central Louisiana. All severe hazards would be
    possible.

    ...OK/TX to LA...

    An upper shortwave trough will develop eastward across TX to the
    Lower MS Valley on Tuesday. Enhanced deep-layer southwesterly flow
    will overspread the region as low-level moist advection aids in a
    weakly capped and moderately unstable environment across parts of
    central/east TX. A warm front is forecast to slowly lift northward
    into north TX/the Red River vicinity. Meanwhile, a dryline will
    extend southward across central TX.

    The forecast is complicated by likely ongoing convection Tuesday
    morning, both along the warm front and possibly with a remnant
    cluster across central Texas. Downstream, dewpoints in the mid 60s
    to low 70s F within the warm sector and steep midlevel lapse rates
    will result in a corridor of 1500-2500 J/kg MLCAPE. Supercell wind
    profiles will support organized convection, though storm mode
    remains a bit uncertain. It is possible discrete cells could develop
    along the dryline and shift east during the afternoon/evening.
    Clustering along the warm front also could result in a developing
    MCS. While details remain uncertain, potential for significant
    all-hazards severe is possible and outlook upgrades may be needed in
    later outlooks.

    With northward extent across the Red River Valley into the ArkLaTex,
    cooler temperatures to the north of the warm front, and more
    widespread precipitation/cloud cover will limit stronger
    destabilization. Nevertheless, moderate shear within the warm
    frontal zone and steep midlevel lapse rates could support isolated
    severe potential in the form of hail and strong gusts.

    ..Leitman.. 05/04/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, May 05, 2025 07:28:39
    ACUS03 KWNS 050727
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 050727

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0227 AM CDT Mon May 05 2025

    Valid 071200Z - 081200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Potential for organized severe weather is expected to be low on
    Wednesday.

    ...Synopsis...
    An elongated upper low within the Southwest into the southern Plains
    will weaken as it slowly moves eastward on Wednesday. The strongest,
    but decreasing with time, mid-level winds will reside along the Gulf
    Coast. At the surface, weak boundaries are expected to extend from
    the lower Mississippi Valley into South Texas.

    At the start of the period, convection is expected to be in portions
    of the lower Mississippi Valley. This activity should be moving into
    a stable airmass and does not currently appear that it will pose an
    organized severe threat. Models differ in the expansiveness of this
    convective activity. The NAM in particular shows outflow stalling in
    southern Louisiana into the Upper Texas Coast. If this were to
    occur, a very moist airmass and lingering moderate mid-level flow
    could allow for a zone of strong to severe storms near the outflow
    boundary. The ECMWF/GFS push outflow offshore. There is additional
    potential for strong to severe storms in South Texas. However, some
    capping will be in place and mid-level heights will be neutral.
    Confidence in organized severe weather remains too low for
    probabilities at this time.

    ..Wendt.. 05/05/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, May 06, 2025 07:23:29
    ACUS03 KWNS 060721
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 060720

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0220 AM CDT Tue May 06 2025

    Valid 081200Z - 091200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Potential for organized severe weather is uncertain on Thursday,
    though stronger storms may occur in parts of the Southeast and the
    eastern Florida coast.

    ...Synopsis...
    The upper-level trough will continue to become broad and elongated
    in the Midwest/East on Thursday. As this occurs, a strong belt of
    mid-level winds will be maintained along the Gulf Coast region into
    the Southeast and North Florida. The surface pattern will remain
    somewhat disorganized, but a weak cold front/surface trough is
    anticipated from the Lower Mississippi Valley into the southern
    Mid-Atlantic region. Convection is likely along the coast into the
    northern Gulf on a remnant boundary.

    ...Florida...
    Convection is likely to form on the sea breeze boundary in
    east-central into North Florida. Temperatures aloft will be around
    -11 C at 500 mb. With the belt of stronger mid-level winds in the
    region, it is possible a few stronger storms could produce hail or
    strong winds. The primary uncertainty is the evolution of the
    upper-level trough. The NAM is currently the only guidance showing
    sufficient shear for organized storms. Other guidance has the
    stronger winds lagging to the west.

    ...Northern Portions of Mississippi/Alabama...
    Some boundary-layer destabilization is possible along the weak
    surface trough during the afternoon. Confidence in strong enough
    wind shear for organized convection is medium to high, but potential
    for cloud cover from isolated early day activity along the trough
    and activity near the Gulf coast increases uncertainty in adequate
    buoyancy.

    ..Wendt.. 05/06/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, May 06, 2025 19:31:29
    ACUS03 KWNS 061931
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 061930

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0230 PM CDT Tue May 06 2025

    Valid 081200Z - 091200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN A BROAD
    PORTION OF THE SOUTHERN AND EASTERN CONUS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms with large hail and damaging winds are
    possible, mainly Thursday afternoon and evening, from southern Texas
    across the Southeast and into the Lower Mid-Atlantic States.

    ...Synopsis...
    A trio of primary shortwave impulses will aid in placement of a
    large-scale trough from QC to the Rio Grande on Thursday afternoon.
    This will support a broad swath of 30-50 kt 500-mb southwesterlies
    across much of the southern to eastern states. This will occur
    beneath upper-level jetlets, centered on the Lower Mid-Atlantic
    States to the central/southern Appalachians, and trailing into
    central/east TX. Attendant surface reflection will be weak, with
    minor lows in the Mid-South and VA. A surface ridge should nose down
    the southern High Plains and across much of the Rio Grande.

    ...Rio Grande Valley...
    The lower-amplitude impulse within the base of the broad trough may
    dampen somewhat. But most guidance suggests sufficient large-scale
    ascent will exist for thunderstorms from the Trans-Pecos
    moving/developing southeastward along the Rio Grande Thursday
    afternoon and evening. The aforementioned surface ridging will
    temper buoyancy northwest of Deep South TX. But a sufficient combo
    of CAPE/shear should exist for at least isolated large hail and
    strong gusts.

    ...Mid/Deep South...
    Convective signal is strongest near the Mid-South shortwave impulse
    during peak heating and along the central Gulf Coast during the
    morning. The impact of the early-day activity yields a more nebulous
    evolution to strong/severe storms north and east of it across the
    Deep South. Where more robust diurnal heating can occur, the
    favorable deep-layer flow regime will offer a threat of both severe
    hail and damaging wind.

    ...South Atlantic Coast...
    A mix of isolated severe hail and damaging winds will be possible,
    especially along the sea breeze. A moderate combination of mid-level
    westerlies and MLCAPE should foster a few weakly rotating
    cells/clusters Thursday afternoon.

    ...Lower Mid-Atlantic...
    A well-mixed boundary layer seems plausible by Thursday afternoon
    amid limited low-level moisture north of the Carolinas. Strong
    mid/upper-level speed shear and weak mid-level height falls should
    support small hail in at least isolated storms, along and east of
    the Appalachians. This will likely enhance downburst potential and
    isolated damaging winds should be the main hazard.

    ..Grams.. 05/06/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, May 07, 2025 07:13:53
    ACUS03 KWNS 070713
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 070712

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0212 AM CDT Wed May 07 2025

    Valid 091200Z - 101200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE FLORIDA
    PANHANDLE INTO THE SOUTHERN ATLANTIC COAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe storms are possible from the Florida
    Panhandle into North Florida, southeast Georgia, and central/coastal
    South Carolina on Friday.

    ...Synopsis...
    The elongated upper-level trough will begin to evolve into a
    stronger trough in the Northeast with a weak cutoff low developing
    in parts of the southern Plains and Mid-South. Much of the stronger
    mid-level winds will be offshore during the period. During the
    afternoon, remnant 30-40 kts mid-level winds are expected from the
    Florida Panhandle into South Carolina. Convection appears possible
    along a weak surface boundary as well as the Atlantic sea breeze.

    ...Florida Panhandle into South Carolina...
    Dewpoints near and south of the weak boundary should hold in the
    low/mid 60s F during the afternoon. Despite some potential cloud
    cover influence from convection within the Gulf, most guidance
    suggests that strong surface heating should occur. 1500-2000 J/kg
    MLCAPE and 25-35 kts of effective shear will support organized
    storms. Highest confidence in development is along the Florida sea
    breeze. The weak surface boundary may see more isolated coverage
    unless some clustering can occur. Isolated large hail and damaging
    winds will be possible.

    ..Wendt.. 05/07/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, May 07, 2025 19:23:57
    ACUS03 KWNS 071923
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 071922

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0222 PM CDT Wed May 07 2025

    Valid 091200Z - 101200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN THE
    SOUTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms, from damaging winds along with some
    hail, are possible across the Southeast States, mainly on Friday
    afternoon to early evening.

    ...Synopsis...
    An elongated mid/upper-level trough will begin to separate into a
    more compact trough across the Northeast and a weak cutoff low over
    the South-Central States. A weak surface cyclone should accompany
    the northern shortwave impulse, tracking from the VA vicinity
    towards coastal southern New England.

    ...Southeast...
    The aforementioned synoptic pattern evolution will confine the
    spatial extent of at least moderate mid-level west-southwesterlies
    closer to the Coastal Plain and Piedmont regions of the Southeast by
    Friday afternoon. This should overlap a broad swath of 60s surface
    dew points, with strong boundary-layer heating from the Carolinas
    southward where moderate buoyancy is anticipated. Large-scale ascent
    tied to the vigorous shortwave impulse over the Northeast should
    largely remain displaced farther north of this plume. Highest
    confidence in scattered storm development is along the sea breezes
    and lee trough along the southern Appalachians. Isolated damaging
    winds and severe hail will be possible.

    ..Grams.. 05/07/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thursday, May 08, 2025 07:34:25
    ACUS03 KWNS 080733
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 080733

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0233 AM CDT Thu May 08 2025

    Valid 101200Z - 111200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FOR PARTS OF THE
    EASTERN FLORIDA PANHANDLE...NORTH FLORIDA...FAR SOUTHERN GEORGIA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe storms are possible in parts of northern
    Florida and southern Georgia on Saturday.

    ...Synopsis...
    The cutoff upper low in the lower Mississippi Valley is forecast to
    retrograde westward on Saturday. A warm front will be roughly
    parallel to the Gulf Coast. Warm air advection across the warm front
    and subtle shortwave perturbations around the upper low will promote
    widespread precipitation in the central/eastern Gulf Coast regions.
    A trough will push into the Northwest and northern Rockies with
    strong mid-level winds moving into western Montana towards Sunday
    morning.

    ...Florida Panhandle...North Florida...southern Georgia...
    Moderate southwesterly flow aloft will persist through the day.
    There will be concern for cloud cover from the convection to the
    west and within the Gulf itself. However, a plume of steeper
    mid-level lapse rates will extent into parts of central/northeast
    Florida. Where surface heating can occur, a few strong to severe
    storms are possible. Large hail and damaging winds would be the
    primary threats, but a tornado could occur near the warm front.
    Upper level winds will not be overly strong and shear will be
    focused from low to mid-levels. This will potentially lead to rain
    negatively impacting inflow of storms.

    ...Southwest Montana...
    With the approach of mid-level shortwave trough, isolated convection
    will likely develop within the higher terrain. Moisture will be
    limited, but cold temperatures aloft will promote weak MLCAPE in
    some areas. A few strong to near-severe gusts could occur, but storm coverage/intensity does not currently warrant probabilities.

    ..Wendt.. 05/08/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thursday, May 08, 2025 18:31:42
    ACUS03 KWNS 081831
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 081830

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0130 PM CDT Thu May 08 2025

    Valid 101200Z - 111200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM NORTHERN
    FLORIDA INTO FAR SOUTHERN GEORGIA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated strong to severe storms are possible in parts of northern
    Florida and southern Georgia on Saturday.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper ridge will shift into the Plains on Saturday, as a compact
    shortwave trough exits the Northeast. Beneath the building ridge, an
    upper low will meander about the Sabine/lower MS Valleys, providing
    cool air aloft.

    At the surface, high pressure will stretch from James Bay into the
    Southern Plains, with another ridge from the Carolinas into the mid
    MS Valley. An old front will stall roughly from far southern AL and
    GA into northern FL, with northerly winds across much of the western
    Gulf.

    ...Northern FL into southern GA...
    Storms will likely be ongoing near or just south of the northern
    Gulf Coast for much of the day. Some of this activity may affect
    parts of the coastal FL Panhandle with heavy rain and locally strong
    wind gusts.

    To the east, heating over parts of FL, and perhaps far southern GA,
    will contribute to around 1500 J/kg MLCAPE, resulting in an uncapped
    air mass. Convergence near the front as well as weak warm advection
    from the south will lead to scattered storms. Shear will not be
    particularly strong, but the strongest initial cores may produce
    hail as temperatures aloft will be cool. Otherwise, clusters of
    storms or outflows could locally cause wind damage.

    ..Jewell.. 05/08/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, May 09, 2025 07:30:49
    ACUS03 KWNS 090730
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 090729

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0229 AM CDT Fri May 09 2025

    Valid 111200Z - 121200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS SUNDAY INTO
    SUNDAY NIGHT ACROSS PARTS OF CNTRL AND NRN FL...SWRN GA...SRN/WRN
    AL...SRN AND CNTRL MS...SERN LA...ERN MT...NWRN SD...WRN ND...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Widely scattered strong thunderstorms may impact the eastern Gulf
    coast region on Sunday, posing at least some risk for severe hail
    and locally strong surface gusts. Additional thunderstorms may be
    accompanied by strong to severe surface gusts across parts of
    eastern Montana into the western Dakotas late Sunday afternoon and
    evening.

    ...Discussion...
    Little change to the general large-scale pattern is expected from
    Saturday into Sunday, with much of North America remaining under the
    influence of amplified, split westerlies - stronger across the
    northern mid-latitudes than across the southern mid- and subtropical
    latitudes. Within this regime, significant mid-level troughing,
    with at least a couple of smaller-scale embedded perturbations, is
    forecast to begin digging inland of the northern U.S. Pacific coast.
    It appears that the leading edge of broad downstream ridging across
    the interior of North America will overspread the St. Lawrence
    Valley and Northeast. In lower latitudes, the center of a broad
    mid-level low may begin a very slow acceleration back to the
    northeast, across the lower Mississippi Valley vicinity.

    In lower levels, an initial weak low may weaken further across the
    Canadian Prairies into northern Ontario, as surface troughing
    deepens upstream, to the lee of the Canadian and northern U.S.
    Rockies. The center of cool surface ridging, initially across the
    lower Great Lakes vicinity, is likely to redevelop southeastward off
    the northern Mid Atlantic coast. Near the southwestern periphery of
    this surface ridging, a broad area of lower surface pressure may
    shift inland off the Gulf into the lower Mississippi Valley,
    accompanied by boundary-layer moistening inland of eastern Gulf
    coastal areas.

    ...Lower Mississippi Valley/eastern Gulf Coast...
    Beneath the mid-level cold core of the low, and the downstream
    modest, difluent southwesterly mid/upper flow, models suggest that thermodynamic profiles by Sunday afternoon may become conducive to
    widely scattered strong thunderstorms with potential to produce some
    severe hail and locally strong surface gusts. This is expected to
    generally become focused within the weak surface troughing across
    parts of the western Florida Panhandle and southern Alabama into
    southeastern Louisiana and southern/central Mississippi, and perhaps
    along a convective outflow boundary advancing into Florida coastal
    areas north of Tampa.

    ...Northern Rockies/Great Plains...
    Downstream of the of large-scale mid/upper troughing digging into
    the Northwest, it appears that forcing for ascent could support
    scattered high-based thunderstorm activity, particularly within an
    evolving deeply mixed boundary layer characterize by large surface temperature/dew point spreads, but with weak CAPE, to the lee of the
    northern Rockies. The NAM, perhaps more so than other guidance,
    suggests that consolidating outflow, associated with a clustering of
    storms across parts of southeastern Montana into the western
    Dakotas, aided by evaporative cooling/some melting and downward
    transport of momentum, may become sufficient for a few strong to
    severe surface gusts by Sunday evening.

    ..Kerr.. 05/09/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Friday, May 09, 2025 19:31:02
    ACUS03 KWNS 091930
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 091929

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0229 PM CDT Fri May 09 2025

    Valid 111200Z - 121200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PARTS OF THE
    NORTHERN ROCKIES AND HIGH PLAINS...AND OVER PARTS OF THE
    SOUTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Widely scattered strong thunderstorms may impact the eastern Gulf
    coast region on Sunday, posing at least some risk for severe hail
    and locally strong surface gusts. Additional thunderstorms may be
    accompanied by strong gusts across parts of the northern Rockies and
    High Plains late Sunday afternoon and evening.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper low will remain nearly stationary over LA, providing cool
    temperatures aloft from TX into the Gulf Coast region. Moderate
    southwest winds aloft will remain over the eastern Gulf and
    overspread much of AL, GA, and FL late. Low pressure and numerous
    storms will affect those same states for much of the day.

    To the west, an upper trough over the Pacific Northwest will deepen
    further, with a 70 kt midlevel jet nosing into central MT. A surface
    trough will deepen over the northern High Plains, and extending west
    across MT and into ID, with steep lapse rates supporting scattered thunderstorms.

    ...Southern MS/AL/GA into FL...
    Numerous storms will likely be ongoing throughout the day over the
    northeast Gulf and spreading into AL, northern FL and GA. Scattered
    strong wind gusts may occur with these outflows. Farther west,
    daytime storms may also develop over MS and AL where heating occurs
    beneath the cool temperatures aloft. Sporadic hail or strong gusts
    may occur.

    ...Northern High Plains...
    As the upper trough overspreads the region, steepening lapse rates
    will result in a large area of potential thunderstorm threat.
    Strengthening southwest flow aloft will also conditionally support
    cellular activity with marginal hail or localized severe gusts. At
    this time, will maintain the existing Marginal Risk over eastern MT
    near the lee trough. Additional parts of MT or even ID and northwest
    WY may eventually need to be added to the Marginal Risk area in
    later outlooks.

    ..Jewell.. 05/09/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, May 10, 2025 07:24:36
    ACUS03 KWNS 100724
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 100723

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0223 AM CDT Sat May 10 2025

    Valid 121200Z - 131200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS MONDAY ACROSS
    MUCH OF FLORIDA...GEORGIA...AND WRN/CNTRL SOUTH CAROLINA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Widely scattered strong storms may impact parts of the Southeast on
    Monday, particularly a corridor across the Florida Peninsula into
    the South Carolina Piedmont, where strongest activity may pose a
    risk for producing a couple of tornadoes and locally strong surface
    gusts.

    ...Discussion...
    Within the amplified, split westerlies, one significant mid/upper
    trough is forecast to continue digging inland of the U.S. Pacific
    coast during this period, downstream of a prominent ridge across the mid-latitude eastern Pacific. It does appear that one or two
    smaller-scale perturbations emerging from this trough will
    accelerate northeastward across the northern U.S. Rockies into the
    Canadian Prairies, around the northwestern periphery of broad
    downstream ridging extending across the northern U.S. Great Plains
    through St. Lawrence Valley.

    In lower-levels, models indicate that deeper surface troughing will
    shift east of the Rockies into Saskatchewan/Manitoba and the
    Dakotas, while deepening southward through the southern high plains.
    However, destabilization near this feature is likely to be
    significantly inhibited by warm air aloft, and the lack of
    appreciable low-level moisture return due to the continuing presence
    of a broad mid/upper low initially centered across the lower
    Mississippi Valley.

    Cut off from the stronger westerlies, to the south of the broad
    mid-level ridging, movement of this low is likely to remain slow;
    however, models indicate that it will probably elongate
    north-northeastward across the Mid South and lower Ohio Valley,
    while taking on a negative tilt east of the lower Mississippi Valley
    into Southeast. In lower levels, this may be accompanied by broad,
    weak surface troughing developing across much of the Southeast, as
    surface ridging slowly shifts east of the Atlantic Seaboard.

    ...Southeast...
    Differences exist among the various model output, but the gradient
    between the low-level ridging and troughing may continue to support
    a belt of modest southerly low-level flow (20-30+ kt around 850 mb)
    along a corridor roughly from the Florida Peninsula into the South
    Carolina Piedmont. It appears probable that this will coincide with
    a deep lower/mid-tropospheric moist plume emanating from the lower
    latitudes, beneath a belt of moderate to strong, difluent
    southwesterly high-level flow, perhaps contributing to an
    environment at least conditionally supportive of supercells with
    potential to produce tornadoes and locally strong surface gusts.

    ..Kerr.. 05/10/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Saturday, May 10, 2025 19:03:37
    ACUS03 KWNS 101903
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 101902

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0202 PM CDT Sat May 10 2025

    Valid 121200Z - 131200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
    OF THE SOUTHEAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Strong storms may impact parts of the Southeast on Monday,
    particularly a corridor across the Florida Peninsula into the South
    Carolina Piedmont, where strongest activity may pose a risk for
    producing a couple of tornadoes, locally strong surface gusts, and
    marginally severe hail.

    ...Eastern AL into GA/FL/SC...

    An upper low over the Lower MS Valley will lift north/northeast
    toward the lower OH Valley on Monday. Enhanced southwesterly flow on
    the eastern periphery of this feature will overspread much of FL
    into GA and the Carolinas. At the surface, southeasterly low-level
    flow will maintain mid 60s F dewpoints. Cool temperatures aloft (-10
    to -14 C) will support modest destabilization, though ongoing
    convection Monday morning and regional cloud cover are likely to
    limit stronger insolation. Given vertically veering wind profile
    with 30-40 kt flow above 700 mb, effective shear magnitudes greater
    than 30 kt are forecast. This should allow for scattered organized
    cells, with isolated supercells possible. Locally strong gusts,
    isolated marginally severe hail, and a couple of tornadoes will be
    possible across the Marginal risk (level 1 of 5) area during the
    afternoon.

    ..Leitman.. 05/10/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, May 11, 2025 07:29:10
    ACUS03 KWNS 110729
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 110728

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0228 AM CDT Sun May 11 2025

    Valid 131200Z - 141200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    The risk for severe thunderstorms currently appears negligible
    across the U.S. Tuesday through Tuesday night.

    ...Discussion...
    It appears that significant mid/upper-level troughing progressing
    inland of the U.S. Pacific coast may dig as far south as the lower
    Colorado Valley, and suppress ridging within a belt of westerlies
    emanating from the subtropical eastern Pacific, across the
    southwestern international border area. Thereafter, models indicate
    that the perturbation will turn eastward across the Intermountain
    West later Tuesday through Tuesday night, with intensifying difluent west-southwesterly mid/upper flow overspreading the southern Rockies
    by 12Z Wednesday.

    In lower levels, modestly deep surface troughing to the lee of the
    Rockies may continue to slowly shift eastward across the Great
    Plains. However, in the wake of broad, weak negatively tilted
    mid/upper troughing shifting east of the Mississippi Valley, toward
    the Atlantic coast at a slower pace than the upstream trough,
    strengthening low-level flow (up to 30-40 kt around 850 mb) is
    forecast to maintain a pronounced westerly component across the
    southern Great Plains into lower Mississippi Valley. This will
    continue to impede boundary-layer moisture return off the Gulf into
    the Great Plains, though evapotranspiration may contribute to
    moistening beneath the leading edge of a plume of warm elevated
    mixed-layer air advecting eastward across the central and southern
    Great Plains.

    Downstream, models indicate that there will be gradual further
    deepening of broad, weak surface troughing across much of the
    Southeast. However, the plume of seasonably high moisture content
    air emanating from the lower latitudes is forecast to generally
    shift east of the south Atlantic coast during the day Tuesday,
    though this may be slower to occur across southeast coastal areas of
    the Florida Peninsula.

    ...Intermountain West into Great Plains...
    Models suggest that destabilization beneath an elongated mid-level
    cold pool, trailing the surface cold front, may contribute to
    scattered, generally weak/diurnal thunderstorm activity across the
    northern Rockies and intermountain region, into the vicinity of the
    northern Sierra Nevada.

    Near the surface troughing across the Dakotas, it appears that a
    strongly heated and deeply mixed boundary may become characterized
    by 40-50 F surface temperature/dew point spreads, but with
    thermodynamic profiles still supportive of CAPE on the order of
    500-1000 J/kg. High-based thunderstorm development appears possible
    near/after peak heating, which could pose some risk for locally
    strong surface gusts. However, the extent of this potential remains
    unclear, and too uncertain to introduce even low severe
    probabilities at the present time.

    ...Ohio Valley/Mid Atlantic/Southeast...
    Scattered, largely diurnal thunderstorm activity will again be
    possible beneath the weak/weakening mid-level troughing. Stronger
    convection may focus along the sea breeze near southeastern Florida
    coastal areas, and perhaps across parts of the mid and southern
    Atlantic Piedmont, where at least modest boundary-layer
    destabilization may occur. However, it is not yet clear that this
    will be accompanied by an appreciable risk for severe weather.

    ..Kerr.. 05/11/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sunday, May 11, 2025 19:12:13
    ACUS03 KWNS 111912
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 111911

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0211 PM CDT Sun May 11 2025

    Valid 131200Z - 141200Z

    ...NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST...

    ...SUMMARY...
    The risk for severe thunderstorms currently appears low across the
    U.S. Tuesday through Tuesday night.

    ...Ohio Valley into the Southeast...

    The persistent mid/upper low over the Mid-South and attendant trough
    extending into the Gulf will likely weaken as the system shift east
    toward the Atlantic coast on Tuesday. While some modest vertical
    shear will remain over portions of the region, overall wind field is
    expected to be weaker. Nevertheless, a seasonally moist airmass will
    modestly destabilize diurnally in pockets of heating. Isolated
    strong storms producing locally gusty winds and perhaps small hail
    are possible, though overall severe potential appears less compared
    to previous days.

    ...Intermountain West into the Great Plains...

    A deepening upper trough near the Pacific coast will shift east over
    the West on Tuesday. A belt of enhanced southwesterly flow will
    overspread the Rockies to the High Plains. Diurnal thunderstorms may
    develop over the northern Great Basin and northern Rockies.
    Instability and heating are expected to remain modest, limiting
    severe potential across the higher terrain of the Intermountain
    West.

    Further east into the Plains, lee troughing along the High Plains
    will sharpen with the approach of the upper trough. The upper low
    over the southeastern U.S. will limit northwest moisture return
    across much of the Plains. Nevertheless, strong heating and steep
    midlevel lapse rates will support weak to moderate destabilization.
    However, capping will likely limit much in the way of thunderstorm
    development. A surface cold front is forecast to move east/southeast
    across the Dakotas during the evening and overnight. This may allow
    for a storm or two to develop after peak heating. This activity
    would likely be either elevated or high-based. If a storm develops,
    hail would be possible. Uncertainty in storm development/coverage
    precludes severe probabilities at this time.

    ..Leitman.. 05/11/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, May 12, 2025 07:23:06
    ACUS03 KWNS 120722
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 120721

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0221 AM CDT Mon May 12 2025

    Valid 141200Z - 151200Z

    ...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PARTS OF THE
    CENTRAL AND NORTHERN PLAINS...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Isolated severe thunderstorms are possible across parts of the
    central to northern Plains Wednesday afternoon and evening.

    ...Synopsis...
    A progressive upper trough is forecast to pivot from the
    Intermountain West into the northern Plains through the day
    Wednesday. Ahead of this wave, an elongated surface trough draped
    across the Plains will undergo consolidation as a surface cyclone
    begins to organize over the Dakotas through the forecast period. The
    arrival of a cold front coincident with the ejection of the upper
    trough will provide an impetus for thunderstorm development across
    the central to northern Plains during the afternoon and evening
    hours. Further east, a weakening upper wave over the Mid-Atlantic
    will continue to slowly lift to the northeast. A combination of cold temperatures aloft, moist low-level conditions, and modest
    broad-scale ascent will promote widespread showers and weak
    thunderstorms across the upper OH River Valley and Mid-Atlantic
    region.

    ...Central/Northern Plains...
    A somewhat expansive warm sector will become established across much
    of the Plains through the day Wednesday; however, the eastward
    advection of a strong EML will hinder convective development for
    much of the southern and central Plains. Although moisture return
    into the northern Plains will be somewhat modest compared to
    locations further south (dewpoints only reaching the mid to upper
    50s), strong deep-layer ascent ahead of the approaching wave and
    within the left-exit region of the attendant mid-level jet will
    sufficiently erode residual capping by late afternoon to promote
    thunderstorm initiation along the cold front within an unstable air
    mass. The favorable thermodynamic and kinematic environment should
    promote a few strong/severe storms capable of severe hail/wind,
    though deep-layer shear vectors and initial storm motions largely
    parallel to the front will promote quick upscale growth into one or
    more convective clusters/line segments that may limit the overall
    duration and coverage of the severe threat. A more prolonged, but
    isolated, severe threat may materialize late evening into the
    overnight hours within the MO River Valley as isentropic ascent at
    the terminus of the nocturnal jet increases and promotes additional thunderstorm development - though model consensus regarding this
    potential is limited at this range.

    ..Moore.. 05/12/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Monday, May 12, 2025 19:12:11
    ACUS03 KWNS 121912
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 121911

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0211 PM CDT Mon May 12 2025

    Valid 141200Z - 151200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER CENTRAL AND
    EASTERN PARTS OF THE DAKOTAS AND NEBRASKA...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe thunderstorms are possible mainly over
    parts of the Dakotas and Nebraska Wednesday afternoon and evening.

    ...Synopsis...
    On Wednesday, a potent shortwave trough will move from the Four
    Corners region into the central Plains, with a 70+ kt midlevel speed
    max over KS by 12Z Thursday. The primary upper low will deepen over
    eastern MT, with most of the cooling aloft north of a line from
    northern NM into eastern NE. Ahead of this system, heights will rise
    over the MS Valley and Southeast, while the lingering upper trough
    over the East dissipates further.

    At the surface, a trough will stretch roughly from the central
    Dakotas into KS at 00Z, with a surface low taking shape and
    deepening overnight into eastern NE and IA. Modest moisture return
    will occur ahead of the surface trough, with 50s to near 60 F
    dewpoints to the Dakotas portion of the boundary. A more robust
    plume of moisture with mid 60s F dewpoints is likely from the lower
    MO to middle MS Valleys.

    Overnight, winds around 850 mb will strengthen as the low develops,
    but will also veer from southwest through northwest, resulting in
    advection of drier air.

    ...Northern and central Plains...
    Northern portions of the upper trough will emerge into the northern
    Plains in meridional fashion through early evening, with the primary
    speed max well to the south until early Thursday. Gradual cooling
    aloft will overspread the surface trough and wind shift, where
    strong heating will occur. The result will be moderate instability,
    with scattered storms erupting within the north-south zone from the
    Dakotas into NE.

    Coincident with the storm development, a cold frontal surge will
    occur over the northern High Plains, which should help push this
    activity perhaps into western MN and IA by 12Z Thursday. Shear
    profiles will not be particularly strong initially, but may become
    increasingly favorable overnight to support corridors of severe wind
    and hail.

    ..Jewell.. 05/12/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, May 13, 2025 07:29:45
    ACUS03 KWNS 130729
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 130729

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0229 AM CDT Tue May 13 2025

    Valid 151200Z - 161200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PARTS OF THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER VALLEY AND WESTERN GREAT LAKES...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe thunderstorms are expected across parts
    of the western Great Lakes and Midwest Thursday afternoon and
    evening. A more isolated/conditional severe threat will extend into
    the mid-Mississippi River Valley during the late evening and
    overnight hours.

    ...Synopsis...
    The upper trough currently situated over the Pacific Northwest is
    forecast to eject into the Plains/upper MS River Valley through the
    day Thursday. A surface low will intensify through early afternoon
    before beginning the occlusion process as a Pacific cold front
    pushes east. Ahead of this front, southeasterly low-level flow will
    advect upper 50s to mid 60s dewpoints northeastward into the upper
    MS River Valley and Midwest regions. Thunderstorm development is
    likely along the front as it impinges on the returning moisture
    across the upper MS Valley and western Great Lakes. Strong capping
    with southward extent will likely result in more isolated
    thunderstorm development along the front into parts of the Midwest
    and OH Valley.

    ...Upper MS Valley into the Western Great Lakes...
    Thunderstorm development is anticipated by early afternoon across
    parts of the upper MS River Valley as the Pacific front surges into
    the region under a 50-60 knot mid-level jet. While higher-quality
    moisture will likely remain south of the region, dewpoints in the
    low to mid 60s, coupled with steepening mid-level lapse rates,
    should support MLCAPE values between 1500-2500 J/kg. Strong
    mid-level flow will promote supercell wind profiles, and mean storm
    motions off the front will likely support initially discrete cells
    that should pose a severe hail/wind threat. Upscale growth into an
    organized line is possible given strong forcing along the front as
    an arcing line of storms moves east into the Great Lakes region.

    Discrete supercells will be most probable on the southern extent of
    the line of storms, but increasing capping with southwestward extent
    introduces considerable uncertainty in how far south storms will
    develop. The best thermodynamic and kinematic environment will
    likely extend across IN into western OH and southward to the OH
    river, but most deterministic and ensemble solutions show only weak
    QPF signals across this region through early evening. 15%/Slight
    risk probabilities were maintained for IN/western OH due to account
    for low-probability, but potentially high-impact supercells within
    this environment, but further refinements are likely as the
    likelihood of convective initiation becomes more apparent.

    ...Mid-MS River Valley and lower OH Valley...
    The Pacific front is forecast to gradually stall across northern AR
    into the lower OH Valley through the overnight hours as the primary
    surface low occludes to the north. Thunderstorm development along
    the front is possible during the late evening/overnight hours with
    most ensemble solutions showing some QPF signal during the 06-12 UTC
    period as low-level isentropic ascent increases along the stalled
    boundary. 40-50 knot mid-level flow will favor organized convection,
    though storm motions along the boundary may promote clustering with
    time. Regardless, some severe threat will likely manifest with this
    activity during the overnight hours into early Friday morning.

    ..Moore.. 05/13/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tuesday, May 13, 2025 19:33:33
    ACUS03 KWNS 131932
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 131931

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0231 PM CDT Tue May 13 2025

    Valid 151200Z - 161200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS OVER MUCH OF
    WISCONSIN...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered severe thunderstorms are likely across parts of the
    western Great Lakes states and into parts of the Midwest Thursday
    afternoon and evening. Very large hail and a few tornadoes may
    occur. A more isolated/conditional severe threat will extend
    southwestward from western Kentucky into Arkansas late.

    ...Synopsis...
    An upper low will deepen over the northern Plains as a midlevel wave
    ejects northeastward toward the upper MS Valley. A surface low will
    also deepen over ND/MN, with occlusion. Extending southeast from the
    low will be a warm front, which will rapidly jump into northern MN
    and WI by late afternoon, and through much of Lower MI during the
    evening. Southeast winds near this boundary will bring mid to
    perhaps upper 60s F dewpoints northwestward, resulting in areas of
    strong instability. Given the fast motion of the shortwave trough
    and strongly veering winds in the low-levels, the primary severe
    risk area may be relatively narrow.

    The main front/dryline will stall near the OH River or Mid MS Valley
    and southwestward toward the Ozarks. This corridor, primarily later
    in the evening, will likely foster isolated severe storms as well.

    Elsewhere, a lingering upper trough will exit the Northeast, and
    warm advection on the backside of this feature may support isolated
    strong to severe storms from parts of PA into the Mid Atlantic
    during the day.

    ...Upper MS Valley/Great Lakes/Midwest...
    Models are in good agreement depicting a strong convective signal
    near the MN/WI border by 20Z or so, with increasing coverage points
    east through evening. Forecast soundings across WI and vicinity
    depict steep lapse rates aloft and hodographs favoring supercells. A
    strong tornado cannot be ruled out given the very favorable
    thermodynamics, including a slight capping inversion atop the moist
    boundary layer in combination with 200-300 m2/s2 ESRH.

    Southeast of the Enhanced Risk area into IL and IN, storm coverage
    looks to be more isolated. However, any supercells in this area will
    have the same significant hail and tornado potential as points
    north. This activity would likely wait until late in the day/after
    21Z and closer to 00Z when heating is maximized to break the cap.

    Nocturnal severe storms will also be likely across much of Lower MI,
    northern IN and OH as activity moves in from the west. Supercells
    producing large hail again appear likely.

    ...OH Valley into AR Late...
    The aforementioned stalled boundary will be situated beneath
    persistent southwest flow at 850 mb Thursday evening and overnight.
    Robust moisture/high theta-e will be in place from eastern OK into
    the OH Valley, and scattered storms are likely to develop overnight.
    This area is a bit more conditional in terms of coverage of severe,
    but clearly large hail will be possible. A brief tornado may occur
    as well although hodographs will be primarily straight by this time.

    ..Jewell.. 05/13/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, May 14, 2025 07:23:20
    ACUS03 KWNS 140721
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 140720

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0220 AM CDT Wed May 14 2025

    Valid 161200Z - 171200Z

    ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE OZARK
    PLATEAU INTO THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Scattered strong to severe thunderstorms are expected across the
    Ohio Valley region Friday afternoon and evening with more isolated
    severe thunderstorms extending southwestward into northeast Texas.

    ...Synopsis...
    A residual cold front associated with an occluding surface low over
    the upper MS Valley is expected to stall across the Ozark Plateau
    into the lower OH Valley region by around 12 UTC Friday. This
    boundary is expected to lift northward through the day as an
    effective warm front amid a persistent southerly low-level flow
    regime. Aloft, a low-amplitude perturbation is expected to emanate
    out of the central Plains into the mid-MS Valley. Westerly mid-level
    flow associated with this wave will help mix a diffuse surface
    trough/dryline across the eastern Plains through the late afternoon. Thunderstorm development is expected along the lifting warm front
    and possibly off the trough/dryline by late afternoon as lift
    associated with the mid-level wave impinges on the warm sector.

    ...Ozark Plateau into the Ohio River Valley...
    The general consensus among medium and long-range guidance is that thunderstorms developing along the warm front and/or surface trough
    ahead of the mid-level wave will mature in an environment
    characterized by MLCAPE values around 3000 J/kg and effective bulk
    shear values on the order of 40-50 knots. These
    thermodynamic/kinematic conditions will be very favorable for
    long-lived organized convection. However, disagreement among
    solutions persists regarding the northward extent of the warm sector
    by peak heating. Recent ECMWF/EPS runs hint at greater coverage of
    ongoing showers/thunderstorms by 12 UTC Friday that will likely
    inhibit northward advancement of the warm front. Conversely,
    NAM/GFS/GEFS all depict less early-morning convection and thus lift
    the boundary well north into southern IL/IN/OH with a more expansive
    warm sector. As such, the envelope of potential outcomes remains
    somewhat broad. Regardless, some combination of scattered supercells
    and organized clusters, including the potential for a long-lived MCS
    as hinted by some deterministic solutions, appears likely somewhere
    across the Ozarks/OH Valley region Friday afternoon and evening.

    ...Southwest Arkansas into northeast Texas...
    Thunderstorm initiation along a sharpening dryline appears probable
    Friday afternoon/evening from southwest AR into northeast TX based
    on recent ensemble QPF signals. While displaced from the stronger
    mid-level flow and forcing for ascent to the north, sufficient
    buoyancy and deep-layer shear should be in place to support isolated
    supercells across the region with an attendant hail/wind threat.

    ..Moore.. 05/14/2025

    $$

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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wednesday, May 14, 2025 19:33:48
    ACUS03 KWNS 141933
    SWODY3
    SPC AC 141932

    Day 3 Convective Outlook
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    0232 PM CDT Wed May 14 2025

    Valid 161200Z - 171200Z

    ...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS SOUTHEAST MISSOURI...SOUTHERN ILLINOIS/INDIANA...SOUTHWEST OHIO...AND PORTIONS
    OF WESTERN TO NORTHERN KENTUCKY...

    ...SUMMARY...
    Severe thunderstorms are expected across the Middle Mississippi and
    Ohio Valley region Friday afternoon and evening. All-severe hazards
    are possible with this activity. More isolated severe thunderstorms
    will extend southwestward into northeast Texas, and northeast into
    the Mid-Atlantic.

    ...Mid-South/Ohio Valley vicinity...

    An upper trough over the southern High Plains will pivot quickly
    east/northeast across the Midwest on Friday. As this occurs, strong
    mid/upper southwesterly flow will overspread the region, with a 500
    mb jet around 70-90 kt forecast. At the surface, A very moist
    airmass will be in place from southern MO into southern IL and
    northeast into OH. Increasing southerly low-level flow ahead of a
    surface cold front will allow a warm front, roughly along the I-70
    corridor at mid-morning, to lift north toward the northern IL/IN/OH
    through the afternoon. Cooling aloft will result in steep midlevel
    lapse rates atop the mid/upper 60s F dewpoint surface warm sector,
    resulting in strong destabilization.

    A low-level jet around 45-65 kt is forecast to overspread the region
    from peak heating into the evening, coincident with increasing
    large-scale ascent. Both the eastward-advancing cold front/dryline
    across MO, and the warm front vicinity will be a focus for
    convective initiation. One or more bowing clusters is possible, in
    addition to more discrete supercells. Given vertically veering
    supercells wind profiles, significant severe storms appear possible
    -- with a risk for all hazards accompanying this activity, including
    very large hail, tornadoes, and intense wind gusts. The southward
    extent of highest severe potential is a bit uncertain given
    orientation of surface boundaries and potential overnight convection
    in the Day 2/Thursday time period impacting parts of the KY
    vicinity.

    Eventually, a northeast to southwest line of storms will likely
    congeal during the late evening/nighttime hours and sag southward
    across KY into the TN Valley, with a gradually lessening severe risk
    with southward extent during the overnight hours.

    ...TX into OK/AR...

    With southwest extent, severe potential is a bit more
    uncertain/conditional. Some minor height rises may occur across TX
    and the into AR during the late afternoon/evening. Large-scale
    ascent will be weaker and any capping may be more difficult to
    overcome. Nevertheless, a very moist and unstable airmass will be in
    place amid supercell wind profiles. If storms can develop, very
    large hail and strong gusts will be possible.

    ...Mid-Atlantic Vicinity...

    Convection may be ongoing in a warm advection regime Friday morning
    as a weak shortwave impulse moves across the region through
    afternoon. Moderate mid/upper flow will support effective shear
    magnitudes around 25-35 kt, and be sufficient for some organized
    convection. Pockets of stronger heating downstream from morning
    activity will allow for weak to moderate destabilization. Isolated
    strong to severe storms producing hail and gusty winds will be
    possible.

    ..Leitman.. 05/14/2025

    $$

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